The Urban Farmers Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Urban Farmers - Assignment Example It is reasonable that the arrangements are new; in this way, the cleanliness and medical advantages accumulated stay obvious contrasted with the arrangements benefited by different general stores whose sources rest obscure to Eugene’s buyers. In the present, the market gives an uncontested exhibit of arrangements extending from ranch items to nearby craftsmanship. In this way, the journal’s strategic the chipped in undertaking would state the progressing customer base and estimating rehearses in the market. 0930hrs-0959hrs-evaluation of the irregular populace of customer bunches entering and leaving the market. It is practical that half of the customers entering objective vegetable items. Another 10% of the customers look for the consideration of botanical ranchers. The staying 40% populace of customers targets plants and animal item ranchers. 1000hrs-1029hrs-The clients’ visit unmistakable ranchers in the market. It is obvious from the arbitrary populace of demographic that some of ranchers could be obscure to the customers in agreement to the social practices. 1130hrs-1200hrs-Analyzing the distinctions in costs. It is prescribed that ranchers need to execute comparable valuing models, which would dodge the uncalled for rivalry winning in the current market structure. The volunteer program in the assessing the client includes at Alley Street and in surveying the valuing rehearses appeared by the ranchers served towards the acknowledgment of the potential monetary yield that one would gather from devouring the nearby items. Actually, the social practices appeared by Lane County Farmers’ Market members affected the recognition that they were given to guarantee natural cultivating rehearses for solid utilization. I understood that the costs were diverse among the contending ranchers. In any case, it is apparent that the costs were affordable contrasted with those specified by the mammoth grocery stores on similar items. In this way, purchasing and devouring items from the Lane County

Anthony Burns Essay

Envision being a slave during the hour of the outlaw slave act. OK flee or would you remain and keep being a slave? On the off chance that you fled and you rushed to Massachusetts and your lord discovered you would you run from him? The man in this story listened, as I disclose to you the dismal story of Anthony Burns. Anthony consumes was an informed slave that had a white dad. His mom was a raiser which implied she had a child consistently. Anthony’s first ace treated him like a sun promptly toward the beginning of the day and gives him a pony ride. Anthony was savvy. One day his lord tossed him of his pony in mid air Tony did a somersault and arrived on his hand and he flipped over. At nineteen years old, Anthony Burns got away from subjugation in Richmond, making a trip by boat to Boston in 1853. In Boston he worked for â€Å"Coffin Pitts, garments seller, no. 36 Brattle Street. † On May 24, 1854 he was found â€Å"while strolling in Court Street† and captured. As a center point of opposition toward the â€Å"slave power† of the South, numerous Bostonians responded by endeavoring to free Burns. President Franklin Pierce made a case of the case to show he was happy to emphatically authorize the Fugitive Slave Act. The demonstration of power turned numerous New Englanders against subjection who had inactively acknowledged its reality previously. On May 26, under the watchful eye of Burns’ legal dispute, a horde of abolitionists of the two races, including Thomas Wentworth Higginson and different Bostonians shocked at Burns’ capture, raged the town hall to free the man. In the scuffle, Deputy U. S. Marshal James Batchelder was lethally wounded, turning into the subsequent Marshal to be executed in the line of obligation. The police kept control of Burns, however the hordes of adversaries, including such African-American abolitionists as Thomas James developed huge. While the national government sent US troops in help, various abolitionist subjugation activists showed up in Boston to join the dissent and proceed the faceoff. It has been evaluated the government’s cost of catching and leading Burns through the preliminary was upwards of $40,000. He was in the end reclaimed to Virginia where he went to a slave jail for a year. A while later he was sold in North Carolina. Where his companion got him and sent him to Canada where he experienced the remainder of his short life. He turned into a minister and lectured and lived calmly.

3 Exciting Updates for MindMeisters Integration with Microsoft Teams - Focus

3 Exciting Updates for MindMeisters Integration with Microsoft Teams - Focus Were thrilled to announce three fantastic updates for MindMeisters popular integration with Microsoft Teams! These latest improvements ensure that you and your team members are always up to date about what happens in your maps. In case you missed it, MindMeister has been available as a tab in Microsoft Teams since 2017. Adding MindMeister to your channels enables you to mind map and brainstorm right inside Teams, while keeping your chat open next to the map so you can discuss ideas and plans with your colleagues in real time. Since our last update in 2018, you can also access and manage your MindMeister dashboard with all its stored mind maps inside Microsoft Teams. Whats New in 2019? 1. Message Extension The message extension lets you search MindMeisters Public Maps Universe in order to share a public mind map in a Microsoft Teams channel. To get started, click on the ellipses symbol below the message box in your channel and select MindMeister from the list of message extensions. In the search dialog that opens, enter the title of a public map youre trying to find. You can also just browse through the maps by typing in a keyword. Once youve selected a map, you can add a personal note to it and share it with your channel members. 2. Connector for Notifications The MindMeister Connector sends notifications to a Microsoft Teams channel when a specific map is updated. The notification card includes a link to the mind map, so team members can quickly open the map and take a closer look at what has been changed. To install a connector for one of your channels, click on the ellipses symbol next to its name and then select Connectors. Select MindMeister from the list of available connectors to configure it. Choose the mind map you want to receive notifications for and click Save to confirm. Messages about map updates will be sent within 30 minutes to your channel. You will receive these updates until you deactivate the connector, which you can do any time. 3. MindMeister Bot Using the MindMeister bot, you can request a digest of all recent changes made to your mind maps. To do this, simply open a 1-on-1 conversation tab with MindMeister and type @mindmeister digest into the message box. Confirm with ENTER. Want to quickly create a new mind map while youre here? Just type @mindmeister create new map”. This will create a link to a new mind map, which opens in MindMeisters web app when clicked. You can also use the MindMeister Bot inside your teams channels. There, you can request a list of recent updates for a mind map of your choosing. To do this, go to any of your teams conversations and type @mindmeister updates”, then select the mind map youre interested in. As opposed to the digest you receive in your 1-on-1 conversation with MindMeister, these updates are also visible to your channel members, who can then also click on the link to open the shared mind map and review it. Last but not least, you can also use the Channel Bot to search through MindMeisters Public Maps Universe, just like you can do with the Message Extension. The command for this is @mindmeister search”. Once youve hit ENTER, you can type in a keyword to find useful public maps to share with your team. Ready to start mind mapping with your team? Head on over to Microsoft Teams now and add MindMeister as a tab to your channels, or check out this help article with step-by-step instructions first! 3 Exciting Updates for MindMeisters Integration with Microsoft Teams - Focus Were thrilled to announce three fantastic updates for MindMeisters popular integration with Microsoft Teams! These latest improvements ensure that you and your team members are always up to date about what happens in your maps. In case you missed it, MindMeister has been available as a tab in Microsoft Teams since 2017. Adding MindMeister to your channels enables you to mind map and brainstorm right inside Teams, while keeping your chat open next to the map so you can discuss ideas and plans with your colleagues in real time. Since our last update in 2018, you can also access and manage your MindMeister dashboard with all its stored mind maps inside Microsoft Teams. Whats New in 2019? 1. Message Extension The message extension lets you search MindMeisters Public Maps Universe in order to share a public mind map in a Microsoft Teams channel. To get started, click on the ellipses symbol below the message box in your channel and select MindMeister from the list of message extensions. In the search dialog that opens, enter the title of a public map youre trying to find. You can also just browse through the maps by typing in a keyword. Once youve selected a map, you can add a personal note to it and share it with your channel members. 2. Connector for Notifications The MindMeister Connector sends notifications to a Microsoft Teams channel when a specific map is updated. The notification card includes a link to the mind map, so team members can quickly open the map and take a closer look at what has been changed. To install a connector for one of your channels, click on the ellipses symbol next to its name and then select Connectors. Select MindMeister from the list of available connectors to configure it. Choose the mind map you want to receive notifications for and click Save to confirm. Messages about map updates will be sent within 30 minutes to your channel. You will receive these updates until you deactivate the connector, which you can do any time. 3. MindMeister Bot Using the MindMeister bot, you can request a digest of all recent changes made to your mind maps. To do this, simply open a 1-on-1 conversation tab with MindMeister and type @mindmeister digest into the message box. Confirm with ENTER. Want to quickly create a new mind map while youre here? Just type @mindmeister create new map”. This will create a link to a new mind map, which opens in MindMeisters web app when clicked. You can also use the MindMeister Bot inside your teams channels. There, you can request a list of recent updates for a mind map of your choosing. To do this, go to any of your teams conversations and type @mindmeister updates”, then select the mind map youre interested in. As opposed to the digest you receive in your 1-on-1 conversation with MindMeister, these updates are also visible to your channel members, who can then also click on the link to open the shared mind map and review it. Last but not least, you can also use the Channel Bot to search through MindMeisters Public Maps Universe, just like you can do with the Message Extension. The command for this is @mindmeister search”. Once youve hit ENTER, you can type in a keyword to find useful public maps to share with your team. Ready to start mind mapping with your team? Head on over to Microsoft Teams now and add MindMeister as a tab to your channels, or check out this help article with step-by-step instructions first!

Everyday Life and the Job of Sports Journalists, the Future Development of the Field Free Essay Example, 3750 words

The main task of the sports journalists is to explain the latest sports events. Those people who are not interested in sport, it represents common news, which they may hear every day but do not focus their attention on. The specialists in the area usually prepare informative articles and broadcasts about sports competitions and the participants. They present fanatics with interesting interviews they make with sports stars. The articles and broadcasts prepared by sports journalists are not just informative but also analytical as their task is not only to present the information about the sports event, but also the analysis of it. In Champion leagues, Saturday s final against Chelsea, the Bavarians did everything they could to avoid winning: after months of effort, it was as though they didn't want the trophy. A lack of sharpness in every way characterized their game, from putting just seven of their 35 attempts on target to conceding possession again and again in midfield. All the h allmarks of their game: the precision in finishing, the crisp, assured distribution in midfield, were abandoned (Myson, 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Everyday Life and the Job of Sports Journalists, the Future Development of the Field or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page The reason is very simple Take an example of Science journalism; a science writer has to write about his research at a particular topic in a particular field in a Laboratory in which he works every day. However, a sports journalist has to commute a lot every day to attend games.

Who Invented the Escalator

An escalator is a moving staircase with steps that carry people up or down using a conveyor belt and tracks, keeping each step horizontal for the passengers. The escalator began, however, as a form of amusement rather than a practical mode of transportation. The first patent related to an escalator-like machine was granted in 1859 to a Massachusetts man for a steam-driven unit.  On  March 15, 1892, Jesse Reno patented his moving stairs, or inclined elevator, as he called it.  In 1895, Reno created a novelty ride at Coney Island in New York, New York, from his patented design: a moving stairway that elevated passengers on a conveyor belt at a 25-degree angle. Modern Escalators The escalator as we know it was redesigned in 1897 by Charles Seeberger. He created the name escalator from scala, the Latin word for steps, and elevator, a word for something that had already been invented. Seeberger partnered  with the Otis Elevator Co. to produce the first commercial escalator in 1899 at the Otis factory in Yonkers, New York. A year later, the Seeberger-Otis wooden escalator won first prize at the 1900  Paris Exposition, a worlds fair held in  Paris, France. Meanwhile, the success of Renos Coney Island ride briefly made him the top escalator designer. He started the Reno Electric Stairways and Conveyors Co. in 1902. Seeberger sold his escalator patent rights in 1910 to Otis Elevator, which bought Renos patent a year later. Otis went on to dominate escalator production by combining and improving the various designs. According to the company: In the 1920s, Otis engineers, led by David Lindquist, combined and improved the Jesse Reno and Charles Seeberger escalator designs and created the cleated, level steps of the modern escalator in use today. Although Otis continued to dominated the escalator business, the company lost the products trademark in 1950 when the U.S. Patent Office ruled that escalator had become a common term for moving stairways. The word lost its proprietary status and its capital e. Going Global Escalators are employed around the world today to move  pedestrian  traffic in places where  elevators  would be impractical. They are used in department stores,  shopping malls,  airports,  transit systems,  convention centers, hotels,  arenas,  stadiums, train stations, subways, and public buildings. Escalators are able to move large numbers of people and can be placed in the same physical space as a staircase, guiding people toward main exits, special exhibits, or simply the floor above or below. And you dont usually have to wait for an escalator, as opposed to an elevator. Escalator Safety Safety is a major concern in escalator design. Clothing can get tangled in the machinery, and children wearing certain types of shoes risk foot injuries.   Fire protection of an escalator may be provided by adding automatic fire detection and suppression systems inside the dust collection and engineer pit. This is in addition to any water sprinkler system installed in the ceiling. Escalator Myths Here are common myths about elevators, provided by Sterling Elevator Consultants: Myth: The steps could flatten out and cause people to slide down.Truth: Each step is a triangular structure consisting of a tread and riser supported on a track. They cant flatten out.Myth: Escalators move too fast.Truth: Escalators move at half of normal walking speed, which is 90 to 120 feet per minute.Myth: Escalators can reach out and grab you.Truth: No part of an escalator can do this, but people must be careful with loose clothing, untied shoelaces, high heels, long hair, jewelry, and other items.Myth: An escalator standing still is as good as a set of stairs.Truth: Escalator steps arent the same height as stairs, and using them as if they were increases the risk of falling or tripping. Sources Escalator Safety Tips, Myths Truths. Sterling Elevator Consultants.

A Checklist on Effective Team Working Free Essays

Abstract This paper presents a checklist of the qualities that make individuals effective team members. The checklist comprises of seven qualities which are communication skills, commitment towards attaining the team objective, competence members’ respective fields of specialty, creativity, support and respect for other members, effective organization and management skills, and responsibility and accountability. A further explanation of the relevance of these qualities is also presented. We will write a custom essay sample on A Checklist on Effective Team Working or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction Teamwork is defined as the collaboration of several associates, each playing a role that will contribute to the attainment of the whole group’s objective (Hill Parsons, 2014). Effective teamwork requires team members to possess certain qualities in order to facilitate a constructive relationship amongst them (Galbraith Webb, 2013). This paper presents a checklist and rationale of teamwork qualities. The checklist is developed from my personal career experiences. Checklist of Qualities of a Team Player Effective communication skills Commitment towards attaining the team objective Competence in one’s field of specialty Creativity Respect and support for other team members Effective management and organization skills Accountability and responsibility Rationale This section presents an explanation of the relevance of the above qualities to team work. Reference is also made to academic sources to provide a more detailed explanation of these qualities. Communication Skills In order to function successfully in a team, members ought to be able to effectively communicate on both emotional and intellectual levels (Lencioni, 2012). Possession of this skill enables one to effectively present their ideas to other group members or express their displeasure in certain ideas without being threatening. Communication also involves listening, which is vital for internalizing the ideas presented by other team members. The present–day technological advancements like the internet and mobile phones have further eased the communication process, which is also advantageous for team work and has led to the ‘virtual team’ phenomenon (Duarte Snyder, 2011). Lack of communication skills often lead to conflicts within the team or groupthink, where some team members agree with ideas without any constructive debate. Commitment to Attainment of the Team Objective The level of team members’ commitment to collaborate and accomplish the team’s goals is a critical contributing factor towards the success of the team (Dunin-Keplicz Verbrugge, 2011). All teamwork projects involve the contribution of individual members towards the attainment of an overall objective. Therefore, commitment starts by their acknowledgement of the fact that what they are working to achieve cannot be solely done by one individual (Mohammed Harrison, 2013). Committed team members have a high regard for the roles that they have been allocated and work as hard as possible to ensure that they are well accomplished within the allocated time. Commitment however depends on how organizations motivate the team members (Sheng et al., 2010). Competence Allocation of roles and responsibilities in team work is done according to the specialty of each team member (Lencioni, 2012). For instance, it is expected that a marketing role will be delegated to an individual who has a rich background in marketing and not engineering. By exercising competence in the roles they are allocated, team members create a sense of confidence in team leaders and other members that they will deliver the required level of quality (Galbraith Webb, 2013). It is also necessary for team members to only accept roles in which they are sure of delivering paramount quality (Dunin-Keplicz Verbrugge, 2011). The lack of the required levels of competence results in poor delivery of individual roles, which adversely affects the overall results of the team. Creativity Creativity is defined as the ability to come up with ingenious solution for certain issues or problems (Mumford, 2012). In teamwork, it is a very important tool, especially when the problem at hand has no pre-defined approach of addressing it. When a team has creative members, one of the main advantages is that the project at hand will not be hindered by common challenges that may arise in the course of its progress. Whereas creativity can be considered as an individual quality, Foss et al. (2013) also argued that creativity can be nurtured within the team because team members provide different suggestions of approaches that can be used in solving problems. Effective Management and Organization In the course of a team project, there are short-term objectives to be met that contribute to the attainment of the larger goal (Mohammed Harrison, 2013). It is therefore vital for team members to effectively manage and organize time and resources that they have been allocated to accomplish their roles. The lack of management and organization skills is likely to result in delays or failure of some team members in accomplishing their roles within the allocated time schedule and resources (Galbraith Webb, 2013). Management and organization also determines the punctuality of team members in attending meetings or reporting the progress of their allocated duties. Respect and Support for other Team Members One of the pillars of teamwork is the acknowledgement of the roles played by each member of the group (Duarte Snyder, 2011). This eliminates the subscription to the ideology by other team members that their roles are more important than others. According to Sheng et al. (2010), support of other team members who may be experiencing difficulties exemplifies a sense of loyalty towards one another. Expressing respect and support rather than playing the blame game builds confidence in team members and contributes towards a constructive working relationship (Galbraith Webb, 2013). It also increases the possibility of successful collaboration in future projects. Accountability and Responsibility Accountability and responsibility play a major role in instilling self discipline among members when handling projects they have been assigned to (Graham Englund, 2013). Whilst not all team members can be allocated a leadership position in the team, they have to be responsible for the small roles they have been assigned and ensure that they deliver them on time (Sheng et al., 2010). Accountability in team work ensures that every action taken in contribution to the team project is justifiable. It is however argued that accountability limits creativity because of the fear of mistakes that can arise when trying out creative problem solving procedures (Mumford, 2012). Conclusion Teamwork is an inevitable phenomenon in any organization. It is therefore necessary for individuals to hone skills that enable them to be better team players. This paper has outlined some f the qualities that are considered as being vital for anyone who wants to be successful team player. Whereas I possess all of the discussed skills, I also intend to improve my level of perfection in them in order to be a better team player in future. References Duarte, D.L. Snyder, N.T., 2011. Mastering Virtual Teams: Strategies, Tools, and Techniques That Succeed. San Fransisco: Josey-Bass. Dunin-Keplicz, B. Verbrugge, ?J., 2011. Teamwork in Multi-Agent Systems: A Formal Approach. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Foss, L., Woll, K. Moilanen, M., 2013. Creativity and implementations of new ideas: Do organisational structure, work environment and gender matterInternational Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 5(3), pp.298-322. Galbraith, D.D. Webb, F.L., 2013. Teams That Work: Preparing Student. American Journal Of Business Education Teams For The Workplace, 6(2), pp.223-33. Graham, R.J. Englund, R.L., 2013. Creating an environment for successful projects. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Hill, F. Parsons, L?., 2014. Teamwork in the Management of Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties. New Jersey: Routledge. Lencioni, P., 2012. The Five Dysfunctions of a Team: Intact Teams Participant Workbook. San Francisco: Pfeiffer. Mohammed, S. Harrison, D.A., 2013. The clocks that time us are not the same: A theory of temporal diversity, task characteristics, and performance in teams. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 122(2), pp.244-56. Mumford, M.D., 2012. Handbook of Organizational Creativity. London: Elsevier. Sheng, C.W., Tian, Y.F. Chen, M.C., 2010. Relationships among teamwork behavior, trust, perceived team support, and team commitment. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 38(10), pp.1297-305. How to cite A Checklist on Effective Team Working, Essay examples

Pharmaceutical Sales Promotion and Prescribing - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Pharmaceutical Sales Promotion and Prescribing. Answer: Introduction: Sales representatives are those that knows the value of the company and its brand name that is to be presented in front of the consumers. They are the one that generate demand for the company by selling their products to the customers. They are the one that work together with the customers to create the product they want and carries out smooth sales process. They are the person fo the company that helps create new sales lead for the business with the permission of the directors. Sales representative has the duty of carrying both inside sales where in customers visit the store and outside sale where they have to visit the customers. Thus, they are the one that generate the revenue for the business and customer retention. However, hiring a sales representative is not an easy task as it involves a lot of screening of quality, skills and abilities. It is evident that the turnover costs of a sales person is $150,000 on an average. A sales person should have the following quality, qualific ation and skills to be a successful sales person (Mintzes, et al., 2013). Johnson and Johnson family of Companies is a company in Melbourne selling medical devices and products for the care of the patients. The aim of the business is to improve the condition of the patients. Thus, the company is offering a chance of becoming a healthcare sale person in JJ Company and have a great career ahead (Au.indeed, 2017). The sales representative will join the sales team working in Victoria as one of the special sales person working both for the central and the western regions. The new hire will be responsible for carrying out effective sales in the region through its efficient marketing and planning capabilities. The person is also responsible in making long term relationship with the customers such as the healthcare units, patients and help in increasing sales for some of our new products such as eye care products, lenses and others. Should be keen to undertake risk of losing sale at some point of time (Rutherford, Marshall Park, 2014). Being a sales person requires a lot of dedication and skills by the person. Some of the skills required for getting hired in the company as sales person are: Excellent skill in customer service by keeping in mind that customers are special and their requirements and needs are always right. Excellent communication skills to communicate with the customers effectively and help them learn about the usage of the product. Should be ready to work for long hours at a stretch. Persistence is the next important skill as the person should understand that not all days are the same. Committed to take care of the patients need on time. Should be ready to work in diverse environment by visiting various healthcare units (Khan, et al., 2016). Along with the skills there are some basic qualifications that is required by the person that is being hired as a sales person of the company. Bachelors Degree in any science subject would be advantageous Degree in strategic business planning Familiar with the long-term cycle of sales Have a background knowledge about retailing and sales A competitive salary package will be offered to the new hire. The salary may vary from candidate to candidate depending on their experience in sales and retail field. Salary will be best in the industry even to the fresher. Interview will be conducted through phone and selected candidates will be called for further rounds. This will be like a screening round where the final candidates will be selected. Further round will be an interview which will be in person with the candidate. It will challenge the candidate on certain grounds to ensure that they are best suited for the role. There will be further Extempore round in which candidates will be asked to speak about any on stop topic. This will judge their communication skills that is one of the important factor in any sales person. Finally selected candidates will go further for HR round and managerial round. Have the chance of becoming a sales manager in future with their ability and performance over a period of at least 2years. The candidate will also get a chance to become an Account Executive or a Sales Director which are the leadership roles. However, it requires dedication and hardwork as a sales person. We are thriving to give you the uniqueness of the job, diverse culture to the employees and the chance to get a proud career growth in future. The person will get the exposure to show their innovations and skills in product selling with full training and continuous development (Johnston Marshall, 2016). References Au.indeed.com. (2017). Sales Representative Specialist job - Johnson Johnson Family of Companies - Melbourne VIC | Indeed.com. Retrieved 2 October 2017, from https://au.indeed.com/viewjob? Johnston, M. W., Marshall, G. W. (2016).Sales force management: Leadership, innovation, technology. Routledge. Khan, N., Naqvi, A. A., Ahmad, R., Ahmed, F. R., McGarry, K., Fazlani, R. Y., Ahsan, M. (2016). Perceptions and attitudes of medical sales representatives (MSRs) and prescribers regarding pharmaceutical sales promotion and prescribing practices in Pakistan.Journal of Young Pharmacists,8(3), 244. Mintzes, B., Lexchin, J., Sutherland, J. M., Beaulieu, M. D., Wilkes, M. S., Durrieu, G., Reynolds, E. (2013). Pharmaceutical sales representatives and patient safety: a comparative prospective study of information quality in Canada, France and the United States.Journal of general internal medicine,28(10), 1368-1375. Rutherford, B. N., Marshall, G. W., Park, J. (2014). The moderating effects of gender and inside versus outside sales role in multifaceted job satisfaction.Journal of Business Research,67(9), 1850-1856.

Judging a Music Genre by Its Cover Essay Example

Judging a Music Genre by Its Cover Essay Judging someone or something, good or bad, is a natural habit we all have. Malcolm Gladwell says â€Å"The ability of our unconscious to find patterns in situations and behavior based on very narrow slices of experiences† (23). This sentence explains the theory of â€Å"thin-slicing† which are the snap judgments we make is and small amount of time. They are a part of the unconscious mind, which is the automatic response process we have when it comes to memory, motivation, thought process and many other. (Gladwell 21 ). You may never even recognize that some of the things you do, but just because that habit comes to you so naturally you’ll do it in a split second and won’t think twice about it. In this paper I want to discuss the one of the various ways we can thin-slice a certain genre of music based on what you already know about it. Im not doing it just to show you how exactly thin-slicing works but also to show how at times it necessarily doesnt work. H ow you can absolutely hate something, for in this instance rap, just because of the popular icons that come to mind but at the same time you can actually still like rap. This may sound confusing but once you give it a chance and flip a couple pages you might find something you really enjoy. Music is something that has been around as longs people have been on this planet and has been a big part of many lives. From its beginning to now different ways to make a beat and they way you sing a song. New artist come up a lot and change the way you view that genre and there are artist that stay with the basic ways of how that genre was all about. When a certain genre of music is said we get an idea in our head of a popular artist and what kind of music they are associated with. If I were to ask you, â€Å"what is country music like?† Most people who listen would probably say that it’s peaceful, relaxing, or maybe comforting. Then I could ask well, â€Å"what kind of people listen to heav We will write a custom essay sample on Judging a Music Genre by Its Cover specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Judging a Music Genre by Its Cover specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Judging a Music Genre by Its Cover specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

The Amazing Rusting Aluminum essays

The Amazing Rusting Aluminum essays In my Science article I was flipping through a Popular Science Magazine and came across an article about the quick rusting of Aluminum. In the article it talks about the structure of Aluminum and when it combines with the element Mercury it has no chance of defeat! I didnt know this, but it is highly forbidden to bring Mercury onboard an airplane. This is because if the Mercury were to get lose, it could and most likely would rust the whole plane before it had a chance to land. The plane would rust extremely fast, because airplanes are made out of Aluminum, which is Mercurys enemy. Also, in this article it tells you what happens to Aluminum when it breaks down. What happens to the Aluminum, begins with the first layer when it turns to dust. After the first layer is gone, the Mercury just keeps eating away layer after layer. When Aluminum is taken over by Mercury its kind of like a battle between two people. Between the two people, there might be a big muscular guy and a tiny thin guy, which one do you think is going to win? Well, I know that the big guy will win. In this case the Mercury is the strong big guy, while apposed to the Aluminum which is the little thin guy. In the article it shows a picture of an Aluminum beam, before and after. In the before picture, there is a nice silver beam of Aluminum and in the after picture, the nice silver beam from before has a brownish tint and is half dusted away. Above the pictures, continuing in the article it states that it only took the Aluminum beam to corrode in a couple hours and if it would have been an iron beam it would have taken a couple of years. This makes me think about my own life. I fly a lot, and I have never known about the toll Mercury can take on Aluminum. After I read this article, it definitely made me wonder about my flying days. If someone actually did bring mercury on a plane one time, and it got loose it could jeopardize my l...

MICROBIOLOGY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MICROBIOLOGY - Essay Example IgD: - IgD has a serum concentration of 30Â µg/ml and constitutes about 0.2% of total serum immunoglobulin. It is the major membrane bound immunoglobulin expressed by mature B – cells and is involved in the activation of B – cells by antigen. c. In immediate hypersensitivity antigen binds to IgE on mast cells and basophils. This cross linking leads to degranulation with the release of biologically active substances contained in the granules. 5. a. In the ouchterlony method both antigen and antibody diffuse radially from wells toward each other, thereby establishing a concentration gradient. As equivalence is reached, a visible line of precipitation forms. This simple technique is an effective qualitative tool for determining the relationship between antigens and the number of different Ag-Ab systems present. ELISA Test: - An enzyme conjugated to an antibody reacts with a colorless substrate to generate colored reaction product. Enzymes used include alkaline phosphates, horseradish peroxides. ELISA test is used to detect the presence of antibodies and antigen. RIA: - RIA is a competitive binding assay in which fixed amounts of antibody and radio labeled antigen react in presence of unlabelled antigen. The labeled and unlabelled antigens compete for limited binding sites on the antibody. After reaction, the antigen is separated into free and bound fractions and their radioactive counts measured. The concentration of the unlabelled (test) antigen can be calculated from the ratio of the bound and total antigen labels, using standard dose response curve. 6. It is difficult to develop a natural system of Bacterial Taxonomy using the traditional technique of Taxonomy because bacteria are generally very small and have simple shapes, and hence their classification by shape is not an easy task. The revolution in Genomics will affect Taxonomy because with the coming of

Discuss the role of the courage of children in both Little Woman and Essay

Discuss the role of the courage of children in both Little Woman and Treasure Island - Essay Example â€Å"Treasure Island reflects a deep anxiety about the power imbalance that complicates the adult author-child reader relationship†¦ Stevenson worries that the authors of adventure stories aim to indoctrinate and exploit youngsters like his impressionable boy hero† (Gubar, 2009, pp126-127). Furthermore, both Treasure Island and Little Women were written in the 19th century, which has been labelled the â€Å"Golden Age† of children literature (Gubar, 2009). In considering the novels in their historical context, Gubar’s observation underlines the changing approach of authors to children’s literature towards the end of the nineteenth century in portraying childhood and growing up. A central element of this is through the subversion of societal norms associated with children with the use of strength. For example, in Treasure Island, the novel’s central protagonist Jim Hawkins relays the journey of pirates and hidden treasure and the narrative is rich with action of childhood adventure, which is infused with adult themes such as morality, alcoholism and murder (Jones, 2003). Moreover, it is submitted that Jim’s character arguably fuses the universal quest for adventure conventionally associated with childhood with serious issues impacting child development, development in growing up. This is exemplified by the characterisation of Jim as a boy man in taking the Hispaniola to get the buried treasure: â€Å"the scheme had an air of adventure that inspired me, and the thought of the water breaker beside the fore companion doubled my growing courage† (Stevenson, 1883, p.196). Similarly, Alcott’s â€Å"Little Women† also subverts the contextual norms associated with children growing up, which is arguably attributable to Alcott’s difficult childhood (Clark 2005, p.213). Indeed, Alcott utilises the familiarity of domesticity associated with girls and subverts this to underline the complex issues impacting children’s lives, which was contextually

Media And Ideology Understanding Politics Through Films Media Essay

Media And Ideology Understanding Politics Through Films Media Essay Mass media already became an inevitable dimension in present modern society. It is almost occupying our large time in everyday life. However, just as we are so familiar with the media products, it is particularly easy to overlook the questions which mass media has brought to us. In ordinary life, we are hardly to consider what impact has mass media generated to our life, social relations, politics, culture and other respects, and what the relations of media and other social institutions. Mass media is such a complexity that difficult to clarify it as a whole. Thereby, in this paper, the purpose is to concentrate on one specific media text- film, and to examine how it activates on politics. This paper begins with a brief introduction of media importance within peoples everyday life, who owns media, and the relation between media and government. Then, two relative items will be drawn out: ideology and representation. Ideology as a kind of fundamental theory could explain why media as w ell as film could serve for political dominance. And as for representation, which as an important function of mass media, it provides the possibility for ideology activating on media. In part two, there will be an introduction of the function and effects of film, and then three typical films are cited to interpret why and how those films in Reagan era could affect that time politics. In the last part, there will be a discussion about the effects of the historical films on present society. Media and Ideology Media Importance With the drastic development of high technology and consumption demands, media almost saturates every corner in our ordinary life. The role media playing in modern society is diverse, such as radio, television, magazines, movies, and books are all serving for it. Meanwhile, how many hours in our everyday life are occupied by these items? Probably after you waking up, the first thing is to open television or radio to hear news, and next on the way to work, you might buy a piece of newspaper to browser, during working time you possibly watch magazines or chat with your colleague about this days news, and then, when you lay on the sofa after finishing one days work, the best thing is to enjoy a television show or movies as you like. Why we are so depending on media? The best way to answer it is to invert this question as if without media, what situation our life will be. We will not know what happened around and outside ourselves, do not know say what with friends, and have nothing to d o after returning home. Maybe we will rest much many time to enjoy the beautifully natural views surrounding us, but, who really concern this in such a colorfully consumer society. As a result, the sources of entertainment and perception towards this world from various media means are extremely significant to us in contemporary society. However, apart from enjoying the happiness and amusement that media bring to us, have you thought about who decide or influence media contents in contemporary life? And what impact mass media are bringing about to our life and social relations? In order to clarify these two questions, we should research from the production and contents of media. Firstly, under the promotion of economic profits, the ownership of media has become concentrated (Bagdikian 2000). The key effect of concentration on the media products is homogenization, and to some extent, the government and certain executive access are likely to affect media products (Croteau and Hoynes, 2003). Government influence on media production is a general phenomenon, no matter in totalitarian societies or democratic societies. The distinction is, in democratic societies, the freedom of press and expression is protected by the law, however, this kind of freedom is under the structure which government organized (Croteau and Hoynes, 2003). Just as Bagdikian (2000) said that in the contemporary United State, a country that is intensely advocating democracy, its information system is largely controlled by private interests, rather than government. But normally, private and go vernment interests are consistent, because they are all standing for dominantly capitalistic interests. So this is why many media barons and politicians are both apt to use media to realize their political aims. On the other hand, the mass media similarly helps to witness and improve the regime of American politics, which refers to the media influence on politics. If in order to elaborate this idea, the term of ideology should be depicted here. Ideology and Representation The reason why so many scholars are interested to examine media products to uncover their ideology is ideology is a decidedly complicated term with different implications depending on the context in which it is used (Croteau and Hoynes 2003, p. 159). It has extensive meanings including worldview, belief system, and values, and meanwhile, it also could help somebody define and even form these concepts implied in their own consciousness. In this context, the ideological analysis of certain specific media text is a useful way to understand the fit between the images and words in a specific media text and ways of thinking about, even defining, social and crucial issues (Croteau and Hoynes 2003, p. 160). In addition, the ideology implied in media texts does not naturally exist, but must be given by someone for a certain interests. In the early ideological analysis about media products, there are two important theoretical roots that are still invaluable for contemporary ideological study. One is the early Marxist origin, and the other one is the concept of hegemony. For early Marxists, ideology was used by the dominant class for imposing their ruling worldview and values on the subordinate class, and consequently, ensuring their governing stable and permanent. So, in this discussion, ideology was considered linking with the concept of false consciousness, which was produced by and on the behalf of ruling class, rather than matching ones objective interests (Croteau and Hoynes 2003, p. 164). From this perspective, ideological analysis is associated with political domination, power, and continually to focus on the issue of the ways certain groups fight to have their specific interests accepted as the general interests of a society (Croteau and Hoynes 2003, p. 165). Even in contemporary society, the basic outlines of this early Marxist model are still constructive to analyze social relations, while the concentration has moved away from economic- class relations to the terrain of culture. With this perspective, famous Italian Marxist Antonio Gramsi (1971) has brought about a remarkable study of hegemony, which connecting hegemony to the notions of culture, power, and ideology. Firstly, Gramsi (1971) argued the functions of force and culture or ideology on maintaining power. It is doubtless that force is an effective way to remain state domination, due to it can affect by means of coercion, which require the application of institutions such as the military, police and other state administrative organs. However, in liberal democratic societies, force is not suited to be the primary means of state ruling. Because in modern society, liberalism, civil rights, and human peace are the mainstream. Besides, unreasonable and excessive force control is also the main origin of citizen resistant revolution. And then, in this context, Gramsi (1971) suggests that it is likely to convert the strategy to another terrain- culture, by which also can wield power and even more easily, because it can take place in peoples everyday life, the most important point is through this way people are actively and voluntarily obedient to the ruling. Gramsis theory of hegemony is working through the operation of consent, or we can call it common sense. The operating principle of common sense is the dominant class actively attends to make their worldview and values accepted by all social members (Gramsi 1971). Therefore, if dominant class could turn the idea that is on the behalf of their interests to universal consent, then they are able to achieve the ideological dominant on subordinate class. In this process, an essential notion of natural should be picked up to depict. Generally, when we say something is natural, normally because it is without human process, which is opposite to artificial. Consequently, we will not suspect the reality and legitimacy if something is defined as natural. For example, if it was propagated that homosexuality is a natural principle initially, and then maybe there is little debate of gay and lesbian relationship, due to they are not social problems rather natural order of things. Thus, hegemony operation of culture is going to generate commonsense assumption, and then converting this commonsense assumption to the uncontested level of natural. Schools, religion, and media all can be the efficient sites to help realize this process, because they are where could be controlled by dominant class to produce and reproduce ways of thinking about society. Stuart Hall (1982) has pointed out a crucial analysis of how mass media institutions are coherent with hegemony. First of all, he included media as his concept called the politics of significant, in which media identified has an unique function- representation, which is different from simply reflecting the reality of world, but implies the active work of selecting and presenting, of structuring and shaping; nor merely the transmitting of an already existing meaning, but the more active labor of making things mean (p. 64). Secondly, Hall (1982) explained why media representation is intertwined with ideology and hegemony. Like I mentioned, ideology could underlie certain worldview and values in different contexts, and as for media representation, which has capacity of making things mean, so, media can become the irrecusable approach of generating and propagating ideology. And if further connect this perspective to power and media ownership in the early part, it is clear that dominant c lass could instill its assumption into media, and plus media are places where certain idea could be circularly transmitted to public, in this way, the meanings which are on the interests of dominant power could become consent of every audience of the media. This is why almost every country is willing to regard media institutions as an efficient channel to animate its policy and governing. Film and Politics Film Introduction Many scholars are interested in focusing the ideological analysis of media products on specific medium or specific media texts that are within a specific historical period. The reason is, firstly, the term mass media is such a multiple and plural complexity that it is difficult to perfectly generalize the meanings of abundant media products as a whole; secondly, media texts are usually produced in specific historical context, responding to and helping frame the cultural currents of the day (Croteau and Hoynes 2003, p. 173), so, concentrating on a specific historical media text is more helpful to understand the real meanings and reality represented within a media text under certain historical environment. Film as one of diverse media products, is an efficient media text because it is alive representation of different events, it has the ability to transport the audiences to a number of different times and places by its moving images. In addition, films could through the image representation of a certain time period generating impact on present audiences, to ask them if they were placed in the same situation what they would do (Sachleben, M and Yenerall, K 2004). Besides its unique performing format, film itself also has different types: silent films, black and white films, color films, documentary films and narrative films. The differences of these films are not only confined to the difference of techniques, but also can be seen from the messages transmitted by them. For example, after the color technique has been generally applied to film making, black and white film are still as an important art form existing in film products, a successful instance was Schindlers list made by Spielbe rg in 1993. Generally speaking, the application of black and white photography could help highlight the darkness of film subject on one hand, on the other hand, directors wonder use it to create dramatic effects. For another film type-documentary, which is suited to represent or reconstruct historical events, and helping understand politics. However, there were still a large number of politicians and directors who preferred narrative films to convey and propagate their political aims, due to narrative films is a kind of films that through stories to absorb audiences to follow its plots, and engage audiences to the evolvement of films contents. After understanding the fundamental functions and features of films, it is time to research the contents of films. Film as a media text, of course, it could make things mean, and serve for certain dominant class to transmit a specific way of thinking, worldview, or values. Due to the diversity of film contents, in this section, the research focuses on how films represent and impact politics during a specific historical period. Here, a concept should be clear that this paper is not to define what are political films, but to utilize a series of films during a particular time period to illustrate ideas and topics in politics under certain historical context. The Films In The Reagan Era Before the presidency of Ronald Reagan, American was in a tough condition: the darkness of Vietnam War failure, national threat from Soviet, and the economic decline. Just as Rupert Wilkinson (1984, p. 6) said, the 1980 election came at a post-imperial moment, when Americans were not at all sure what role they wanted or could obtain either for their presidents or for their country in world affairs, in that time Americans were lack of powerful spiritual root and national confidence. However, since Reagans main three political agenda, Americas spiritual strength has restored as well as its renewed responsible world role (Nixon 1992). Another important reason was Reagans own self-confidence did not been defeat by the introspection of the post-Vietnam era, and he even transferred his own self-confidence to the whole country, and accordingly restored the national self-confidence (Cannon 1991). In this respect, Hollywood film industry has played an important role. As we known, Reagan has e ver been a popular film star before he stepped on his political career. Consequently, he extraordinarily understood how influential and pervasive film is on the aspect of transferring and shaping meanings, thereby marginalizing or dismissing other opposite claims. So naturally, within his policies, movie material was a crucial component. Through analysis of the films made in Reagan era, we could comprehend how film represented politics in a specific historical and political setting. Anti-communism In the 1980s, the relationship of America and Soviet has entered the so-called New Cold War period. The international condition in that period, for Soviet Union, they were preparing the coming of new world war against America, and actively taking the preparation of nuclear and arms expansion, and implementing the highly centralization of state management. On the other hand, in the aspect of America, externally, Reagan advocated deploying the overall containment to Soviet Union from the aspects of politics, economic, military, diplomacy and ideology, towards domestic market, he insisted that human values can surpass any worthless technology and mechanization, highlighting the importance of human mind, which could become the best weapon within the competition against outside communism and mechanized devices. Under this kind of political context, there were three extremely popular films during the mid-1980s. The first one was The Star Wars, in which Luke Skywalker was shaped as a good individual, who depended on his own intellectual and mind power to defeat the dark technologized body- the evil Darth Vader. The second one was Rambo, in which portrayed a hardened American soldier character, who relying on his own mind and faith overbears foreign policy. The last one was Terminator, in this film the theme was anti-nuclear and hard-body mythology, it accentuated that humanity was the most powerful weapon that can defeat any enemy. Generalizing the main themes of these three films, we can find that they almost advocate a same idea by different narrative stories, which is consistent with Reaganism, that the mind is the best weapon, and depreciates the machine domination, which is similar with Soviet Unions arms expansion policy. If further anatomize the contents of these three films, we can fi nd that those bad guys in each, such as the technologized Darth Vader, the character of Sergeant Yushin- a Soviet version who also has the strong body as the same as Rambo, and completed mechanized, machine-made Terminator are all the reflections of outside forces which could potentially destroy all freedom of human being, in Reagans ideology are no different from Soviet communists. Then moving into the late-1980s, a new screen character was able to transcribe the Reagans pro-technology militarism at home, which consequently formed a comparison with the external negative feature of the Soviet Union, that was Robcop, a totally computerized, law-enforcement officer, who can eliminate all kinds of criminals. The difference between Robcop and the former mechanized character is, although they are all computer-programmed, their standpoints are different, Robcop was endued new conceptions-humanity and punishing crime. From this image, we can know that Robcop is the endorsement of revived R eagans military, it can eliminate any enemy including communism. Vietnam War Films One prevalent films genre in 1980s was return to Vietnam films, the most typical one is the series of Rambo, which depicts the hardened image of a Vietnam veteran, who returns to Vietnam again a couple of years after the Vietnam War in order to rescue American prisoners who were forgotten by the U. S. government. The research question in this paper is why these films were so popular in that period? And what kind of respond did these movies want from audiences? First of all, it is necessary to clarify the historical context in which these films took place. During the period of 1980s, American people were immersing in a condition called the Vietnam syndrome (Croteau and Hoynes 2003, p. 175), they were shameful of the defeat in Southeast Asia. In essence, the revival of national self-confidence was the primary mission in that time. As a result, the appearance of Rambo stirred up this important task, it through the power of mass media brought the United States citizens returning to the b attlefield of the Vietnam War, and it altered the end of the story. In this renewed battlefield, American soldiers were all good guys and victors, they won the pride, strength and glory for America. It is not difficult to find that these films were just the projection of Reagans political declaration in the 1980s, which called for a kind of redemption for the shame of loss in Vietnam, and helped American citizens move out from the Vietnam syndrome, to re-establish American pride and national image. Indeed, Americans did overcome the Vietnam syndrome in the late 1980s, which can be demonstrated by American peoples active support towards U. S. military action in Iraq, Panama, and the till now the events against terrorism (Croteau and Hoynes 2003). Apart from the impact of reviving American image, according to the statement of Susan Jeffords (1989), the representation of the Vietnam War was also an effective process of remasculinization of American society, which as well as another essential component of Reaganism. Above all, the social precondition of this process was, because of the defeat in Vietnam, the advent of feminism, and the generation gap occurring in American society, the stability of the traditionally social framework-patriarchy has been challenged, so, the primary mechanism for this renegotiation of patriarchal relations is through remasculinization, a revival of the images, abilities, and evaluations of men and masculinity in dominant U. S. culture (Jeffords 1989, in preface). There is the need to define the terms of patriarchy and masculinity referred here, it is relative to the analysis of the films characters in the later paragraphs. As Lerners (1986) conclusion, generally, patriarchy is the institutionalizati on of male dominancy over women, children, and even to the extent with the whole society. As for masculinity, which is a mechanism for the establishment of patriarchy, and is used to refer to the set of images, values, interests, and activities held important to a successful achievement of male adulthood in American cultures (Lerner 1986). Then, what can audiences get from the films returning to the Vietnam War? What meanings do these films represent to American peoples about remasculinization? In part one it is said that the representation of mass media could make new meaning on events, if plus the effect of narrative story, it may generate certain ideological resonance among audiences. The set films Rambo did successfully wield this point to represent the masculine American soldiers images on the screen, and to shape them as the victims of society, government and the war itself, in which even use the comparison between American soldiers unyieldingness with the governments weakness to set off Rambo and Braddocks masculine and heroic images. Following this kind of representation of the Vietnam War, audiences will normally resurrect the confidence and admiration on American soldiers. And consequently, it is largely effective to restore masculinity and male status in that time American society. Civil Rights and Social Justice Within Reagans political revolution, it was not enough to merely depend on hard body to manage a country well. He placed more emphasis on the unity and power of spirit. No matter in what kind of social system, all the dominant classes expect the citizens could enjoy and conform to its established civil rights and social justice, especially under the democratic regimes. In the late-1980s of America, there was another genre of films existing as well as the mid-1980s Vietnam films, which jointly formed the full heroism. There were many representative films in that period, in this section I picked out one of them to examine- Accused (1988), which is grounded in true occurrence that happened in 1983, six men gang- raped a woman on a pool table, and at that time no one of the onlookers stood out to rescue the victim. But after five years, when this crime was represented on the screen, a hero came out, who was the main male character- Kenneth Joyce, helping the victim-Sarah Tobias gain the victory of a justice war. This film from two aspects to indicate the powerful of justice system and the importance of civil rights. Firstly, through the comparison between Joyce with the rapists and onlookers, to enable audiences are easily to prefer and support Joyce, contrarily, to hate the rapists and onlookers, and hope them to be published by the law. Secondly, this film is able to bring audiences to think the questions as same as the characters. For example, besides Joyce, there was another person- Murphy, who also helped Sarah win the court case. In the early part of the film, the situation of Murphy is if she takes this case as a district attorney she maybe have the risk to defy her boss and lose the job, because in the district attorneys office no one is willing to try a case like this. So, at this time, audiences will have suspense whether or not Murphy will take the case for Sarah. Another question is about Joyce and his fraternity brother, who is one of the rapists. Most audiences maybe sustain a question that will Joyce accuse his best friend on the court to help a strange woman. The answer of these two questions is they do help Sarah to win the accusations, and the dynamic connecting them together is the justice system and the faith of defending self-right. It demonstrates the clear answers to audiences that civil rights can be protected no matter in what a tough situation, and in addition, justice and law could beyond any gap which including friendship and self-interest as well. Collectively, this perspective and the hard body image were both just the appeals of Reagans policy, for against the outside force, and shaping the powerfully national character, and turning back to the demotic condition, it relied on the morality and justice to maintain the country stability. Effects of Historical Films Through the demonstration in the former part, it is clear that some popular films are not simply used to entertain the masses, most time they are the representation of certain ideological meanings, political values and working to generate a kind of resonance. Majority material of films originates from real life and history, the main effectiveness of it is a sort of return, but the return possibly brings about different impact on audience in accordance with different era settings. For example, when the American citizens who were just under the period of Cold War and the Vietnam syndrome were watching Rambo, the feeling elevating from their deep heart was pride, excited and self-confident. However, if play these movies at the present, will it work as same as that in last century. So, there is a frequent question like what is the connotation of performing the past films in the context of modern society? And what is the impact on present politics? About this question, Fredric Jameson (1998) has raised a suggestion about contemporary historical films, which he called nostalgia films as well. In his respect, nostalgia films are necessarily based on the recognition by the viewer of pre-existing historical stereotypes, including the various styles of the period, it is thereby reduced to the mere narrative confirmation of those same stereotypes (p. 130). Maybe we can understand his words in this way: in modern society, we already know what events happened in the past, those nostalgia films thereby can do little more than offer the most predictable testimony features (Jameson 1998, p. 130), which means the collective perception and historical lessons that already existing in our mind. In a word, the function of this kind of historical films is apart from momentously political effectiveness, but concentrates on the pure application of visual images to represent the history by variously narrative story, in this process, the reality of history is substituted by symbolic images, the impact of the films of past genre for the present maybe more foregrounds a kind of propagation by means of abundant images (Boorstin 1961). According to this perspective, what the meanings of representation of history in contemporary films exactly is. The film genre relating with The Holocaust was a typical form of representation of history in the present society. It is effective to understand the question about historical films for contemporary people. The movies about the Holocaust mainly put weight on visual images and narrative truth to represent the horror of the Nazis final solution, and the innocent of victims (Hornstein and Jacobowitz, 2003). The contents of most these kind films generally emphasize two categories: one is to create a narrative story happened in the Holocaust or Auschwitz, and the other is the representation of a true historical story told by a survival who was witnessing the terrible disaster, in this way, the effects generating from these films are relative to absence and memory. For most people in present society, they are lack of the consciousness of the Holocaust, so, the representation of the Holocaust could offset this block of absence in their idea. And for majority viewers, what they get from these films are mainly a sort of ethical shock and moral education. Just as many scholars, in their reaches of the representation of the Holocaust, they all emphasize the term of memory, or we can say the Holocaust memory, which is a kind of memory cannot be forgotten (Apel, 2002; Adorno, 1995; Novik, 2000; Flinkelstein, 2003). However, among the various critique of the representation of the Holocaust, the statement of Flinkelstein (2003) is a little bit different from that of Jameson about the question of the historical films effects. Flinkelstein (2003) regards Holocaust memory as an indispensable ideological weapon, due to it not only effects on morality, but also has significant political meanings. It helps the United States successfully cast itself as a victim state. To sum up, maybe the statement of Jameson is a bit of passive, which is too focus on the passive effects of visual images of historical films to overlook the affects of films on ideology and the audience agency, by which could produce and instill a kind of worldview and social values among the present society (Hall et al., 1980). The various images here are consistent with that voiced by Debord (1995), which express the world autonomously, and mediate spectacle between people in todays consumer society. However, films are made by people and influenced by dominant culture, it therefore naturally serves for the interests of dominant power (Williams, 1980). For instance, the representation of Holocaust could arouse peoples consciousness of human rights and eagerness of racial equality, which is simultaneously acting on present political event anti-terrorism. As a result, maybe we can say that the effects of historical films in contemporary society are depending on the transmission of i deological propaganda to meet the political demands. Conclusion This paper is through the examination of films, which is one component of mass media, to elaborate that media is not a simple channel to provide entertainment for audiences, it also could transfer and generate certain ideological meanings in different contexts, and consequently produces a kind of impact on the social relations or ideological resonance among viewers. And in this process, representation has played an important role. The reason is that, representation as one fundamental function of media not only could reflect the world, but also be able to make things have new meanings, thereby, this capacity naturally has media served for politics and makes certain political ideas underlying films contents so as to achieve another effects of media, which is apart from providing amusement, but referring to a more broad domain including politics, culture and social relations. However, as we known, ideology has different implications relying on the different contexts it is used. Such as the films made in Reagan era most probably has different effects on that time people and present audiences. For contemporary society, the historical films have double effects, one is to remind the memory of present people and to commemorate certain historical events, the other one is to affect contemporary politics by means of the ideology embedded in those films.

Imprisonment and Persecution of Quakers :: British History Essays

Imprisonment and Persecution of Quakers In An Account of the Travels Sufferings and Persecutions of Barbara Blaugdone, Blaugdone describes her experiences as a traveling Quaker minister, most often those of persecution and imprisonment. Imprisonment was not an uncommon occurrence for Quakers, as Blaugdone exemplifies. Traveling from town to town, Blaugdone notes, â€Å"I had Prison in all those Places† (12). Although the Quaker ideal of denouncing the clergy was not necessarily uncommon, the Quakers were much more zealous in their pursuit to spread the Truth, therefore much of their persecution was due to their own perseverance (Trevett 18). A common justification for Quaker imprisonment was blasphemy (Trevett 17). Elizabeth Hooton, a strong female figure in Quakerism, performed many of the same roles that Blaugdone did, and in return, she was imprisoned for merely reprimanding a priest (18). Hooton was arrested numerous times for activities such as public speaking, refusal to swear an oath in court, and disturbing the peace. In Blaugdone’s Account, disturbing the peace seems to be merely stepping foot in town. Numerous laws were also passed that enabled the arrest and persecution of Quakers, including The Blasphemy Act, The Conventicle Acts, The Five Mile Act and The Quaker Act. All of these laws basically prohibited Quakers from disrupting the ministry of the church (18). By challenging priests in their own churches, organizing and attending gatherings, and meeting with and preaching to others on street corners, Quakers broke the law. Blaugdone clearly took part in these ‘unlawful’ activities: â₠¬Å"And then I was moved to go to Great Torrington in Devonshire, unto the Steeple-house there, where was a very bad Priest† (Blaugdone 13). Of course her only outcome at talking to the priest was to be once again put in prison. By 1659, twenty-one Quakers had died in prison due to ill treatment, while countless others were crippled or their health had been permanently damaged (Trevett 18). Blaugdone reveals similar mistreatment in her Account: â€Å"and the nest day the Sheriff came with a Beadle, and had me into a Room, and Whipt me till the Blood ran down my Back† (15). Whipping was not the only form of punishment exercised against Quakers. Punishments included public humiliation, pelting, whipping sometimes after being stripped naked, fining family members, and confiscation of property (Trevett 21). Prison conditions were also quite inhuman, and prisoners depended upon either the good nature of guards of bribes.

College Strictly Essay

The learned philosopher Aristotle maintains that the pursuit of learning belongs at the heart of what is means to be human. By nature, he states, all men desire to know, inasmuch as all men seek to understand all things on account of being awed (cited in Marias, 1967, p. 63) But what is especially onerous about the acquisition of knowledge is that it is an endeavor that comes not without a price – one has to accede to the rigors of correct logic, as indeed follow the standards of correct methodologies. For true knowledge does not lie on knowing why things are what they are, it is essentially about learning to weed the straws of falsity from the prolific seeds of truthfulness. If learning institutions – or a certain college, as a way to concretely cite the case in point – exist on account of the noble pursuit of higher learning, then it is only reasonable that, by right of mere logic, they be made to comply with their mandated educational standards, whose controlling vision seeks nothing less than the attainment of human excellence in all fields. For such reason, it has to be argued that the need to enforce, in a manner being rigorous but reasonable, educational standards to all learning institutions is certainly a case whose necessity is beyond question. In the first place, one needs to appreciate the fact that the end for which learning institutions are established rests on the reasoned premise that they exist at the service of higher learning. When an institution starts to lose sight of this sacred goal, it compromises altogether the very reason why it should, in the very first place, exist. For instance, when a college professor starts to yield to the temptation of lowering the bar of expectation and truncating the amount of demands relative to his or her course, in the hope of gaining approval from a majority of his or her students, it frustrates the noble goal of learning just the same. It, as a consequence, frustrates too the foundational premise that gives reason to a college’s continued operation. Moreover, it has to be acknowledged that complying with educational standards is, ultimately, a service to the larger society. An institution that strictly enforces its educational standard gives the society a select group of people who not only are experts in their respective fields, but also – more importantly so – are learned individuals unto whom the foundation of a great society rests. Conversely, a college that does not strictly comply with the stipulations of its mandated standard can produce students who, after being allowed to take education lightly, end up ill-trained and unprepared for their greater calling in the world. The very reason why students go to school is precisely to learn, and not to have fun; and this, the learning institution has to remember, must be observed even when it means giving the students reasons to work for attaining a certain expertise in their craft, all in the service of the society’s greater good. Work Cited Marias, J. (1967). History of Philosophy. New York, Dover Publications, Incorporated.

International System of Measurement (SI)

The metric system was developed at the time of the French Revolution, with standards set for the meter and kilogram on June 22, 1799. The metric system was an elegant decimal system, where units of like type were defined by the power of ten. The degree of separation was relatively straightforward, as the various units were named with prefaces indicating the order of magnitude of the separation. Thus, 1 kilogram was 1,000 grams, because kilo- stands for 1,000. In contrast to the English System, wherein 1 mile is 5,280 feet and 1 gallon is 16 cups (or 1,229 drams or 102.48 jiggers), the metric system had obvious appeal to scientists. In 1832, the physicist Karl Friedrich Gauss promoted the metric system heavily and used it in his definitive work in electromagnetics. Formalizing Measurement The British Association for the Advancement of Science (BAAS) began in the 1860s codifying the need for a coherent system of measurement within the scientific community. In 1874, the BAAS introduced the cgs (centimeter-gram-second) system of measurements. The cgs system used the centimeter, gram, and second as base units, with other values derived from those three base units. The cgs measurement for the magnetic field was the gauss, due to Gauss earlier work on the subject. In 1875, a uniform meter convention was introduced. There was a general trend during this time to make sure that units were practical for their use in the relevant scientific disciplines. The cgs system had some flaws of scale, especially in the field of electromagnetics, so new units such as the ampere (for electrical current), ohm (for electrical resistance), and volt (for electromotive force) were introduced in the 1880s. In 1889, the system transitioned, under the General Convention of Weights and Measures (or CGPM, the abbreviation of the French name), to have new base units of meter, kilogram, and second. It was suggested starting in 1901 that introducing new base units, such as for electrical charge, could complete the system. In 1954, the ampere, the Kelvin (for temperature), and the candela (for luminous intensity) were added as base units. The CGPM renamed it to the International System of Measurement (or SI,  from the French Systeme International) in 1960. Since then, the mole was added as the base amount for substance in 1974, thus bringing the total base units to seven and completing the modern SI unit system. SI Base Units The SI unit system consists of seven base units, with a number of other units derived from those foundations. Below are the base SI units, along with their precise definitions, showing why it took so long to define some of them. meter (m) - The base unit of length; determined by the length of the path traveled by light in a vacuum during a time interval of 1/299,792,458 of a second.kilogram (kg) - The base unit of mass; equal to the mass of the international prototype of the kilogram (commissioned by the CGPM in 1889).second (s) - The base unit of time; duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state in the cesium 133 atoms.ampere (A) - The base unit of electrical current; a constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circuit cross-section, and placed 1 meter apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2 x 10-7 newtons per meter of length.Kelvin(degrees K) - The base unit of thermodynamic temperature; the fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water (the triple point is the point in a phase diagr am where three phases coexist in equilibrium).mole (mol) - The base unit of substance; the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilograms of carbon 12. When the mole is used, the elementary entities must be specified and may be atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, other particles, or specified groups of such particles.candela (cd) - The base unit of luminous intensity; the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. SI Derived Units From these base units, many other units are derived. For example, the SI unit for velocity is m / s (meter per second), using the base unit of length and the base unit of time to determine the length traveled over a given period of time. Listing all of the derived units here would be unrealistic, but in general, when a term is defined, the relevant SI units will be introduced along with them. If looking for a unit that isnt defined, check out the National Institute of Standards Technologys SI Units page. Edited by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.